A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

A. Tsyb MRRC was founded in 1962. It became a branch of National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation in May 2014.

SYNERGY OF UNITY
Dear friends!

Five years ago, fundamental changes began in Russian healthcare, one of which was the creation of large national medical research centers. At the suggestion of Minister Veronika Skvortsova three well-known and respected institutions united. In 2014 P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, N. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology, A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre merged into National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (NMRRC). Of course, at the beginning of the journey there was a lot of reflection on how to preserve the best in this new configuration and not to lose tradition. Today, when the problem of the fight against cancer around the world has come to the fore, and has become a national priority in our country, we understand how timely the decision to create the first such oncology cluster in Russia was. Today, our joint center employs more than three thousand people, we perform more than 16,000 operations per year, more than 3,000,000 studies, and we test a large number of new medicines and modern techniques. Our specialists perform unique operations: completely restore speech and normal functions of the tongue, pharynx, larynx from the biomaterial of the patient himself; we carry out radioembolization with the help of domestic microspheres developed by our centre, we do brachytherapy on the liver and pancreas using the domestic radioisotope iodine 125.

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Proper routing between the branches of the Center allows a patient who comes to us to receive a full range of combined and complex diagnostic and treatment procedures, including surgery, various options for chemotherapy and radiation therapy. There are wide opportunities for international cooperation - we give our expert opinion to colleagues from respected foreign cancer centers, with which we have signed several agreements on real collaborative projects over the past two years. A common telemedicine platform for exchanging morphological and clinical data is being created; we are planning to open the second proton therapy centre and the first heavy ion therapy center (in the post-Soviet states) in collaboration with Japanese colleagues. People come to us for experience and they are amazed to see the significant results we have been able to achieve in just five years. This has become possible thanks to the synergy of our merger and state support of oncology. Efficiency and targeting, proclaimed in the new national cancer control program, and multidisciplinarity in solving tasks have become a reliable basis for the implementation of the program.
I am sure we can do a lot together!

ANDREY KAPRIN

The Past and the Present

A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, which was created in 1962, is now a leading Russian centre for the development and application of high-tech radiological diagnostic methods, radionuclide therapy, cellular and molecular radiobiology in the treatment of cancer, palliative medicine and creation of new radiopharmaceuticals.
The centre specializes in surgical, chemoradiation and combined treatment of patients with tumors of various localization, develops and implements new methods of diagnosis and treatment that improve the prognosis and quality of patients’ life after the treatment.
In the experimental radiological sector the highly qualified personnel introduce new high-precision methods of instrumental, retrospective, biological dosimetry to measure the radiation dose to humans from medical procedures, large-scale radiation accidents or terrorist attacks.

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Priority areas of work of A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

PROTON THERAPY

Russian proton therapy complex Prometheus.
• The complex includes a synchrotron and systems to form a therapeutic beam, positioning and fixing the patient, X-ray tomography for accurate patient positioning and BD therapy planning.
• Proton therapy is an effective and safe method for the treatment of malignant neoplasms.
• Proton therapy provides a more effective dose distribution than while using photons and halves the dose to healthy tissue.
Proton therapy application:
• Central nervous system tumors
• Localized or recurrent eye, head and neck tumors
• Metastases of tumors of various localizations
• Reirradiation

Radiation Therapy

BRACHYTHERAPY

Brachytherapy is an effective, organ-preserving, high-precision contact method of radiation therapy using a radioactive source, which is introduced into the centre of a malignant tumor, destroying it from the inside. Brachytherapy application:

Treatment of prostate cancer with low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDRBT) using iodine-125 sources made in Russia (State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation - Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk), high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDRBT); high-dose rate salvage brachytherapy for local failure
Treatment of cervical and uterine cancer with sources of iridium-192 (HDR) in combined radiation therapy and combined treatment programs
Treatment of head and neck tumors with sources of californium-252
Treatment of cancer of the oral cavity, lips, nasopharynx, soft tissues and skin with iridium-192
Treatment of tumors of the gastrointestinal tract Breast cancer treatment
Treatment of bone and soft tissue tumors

RADIOEMBOLIZATION

Radioembolization is an effective method of treating malignant tumors, based on the destruction of cancer cells using radioactive microspheres. An yttrium-90 radiopharmaceutical is introduced into the blood vessels of the tumor, it blocks blood supply and destroys the tumor from the inside.
In Russia, liver radioembolization for the treatment of hepatocellular cancer had not been performed, due to the lack of production of the necessary radiopharmaceuticals in the country, the short half-life of the radionuclide and the high price of the delivery from Canada and Australia.
In 2018, the BEBIG company, with the participation of Rosatom State Corporation enterprises, began the production of Russian radioactive microspheres, which made this method of treatment accessible to patients.
Radioembolization application:
• Primary liver cancer
• Metastases of tumors of other localizations in the liver
• Palliative care
• Impossibility to perform surgery

RADIONUCLIDE THERAPY

Radionuclide therapy is a specific type of radiation therapy based on the selective and targeted action of ionizing radiation on pathological foci. Treatment is carried out with radiopharmaceuticals (RP), introduced into the patient's body.
A. Tsyb MRRC is the world leader in the treatment of cancer using radiopharmaceuticals. Radionuclide therapy is the flagship of domestic nuclear medicine. More than 90,000 people are treated with this method every year.
Radioiodine therapy is a type of radionuclide therapy, it is a unique and often non-alternative treatment for patients with papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. It is carried out after surgical removal of the thyroid gland and metastases in the lymph nodes of the neck.
Types of radionuclide therapy:

Radioiodine therapy for thyroid cancer
Radioiodine therapy for thyrotoxicosis
Radionuclide therapy for bone metastases (samarium-oxabifor153Sm, strontium chloride 89Sr, radium chloride 223Ra)
Conducting clinical trials of new Russian radiopharmaceuticals based on 188Re.

ADOPTIVE IMMUNOTHERAPY

A.Tsyb MRRC - is a pioneer in Russian oncology in creating and introducing into clinical practice a patented innovative method of cancer treatment - adoptive immunotherapy. This method is a part of the standard combination therapy in cancer patients, but it can also be used as an independent therapy. Adoptive immunotherapy using NK cells and other cytotoxic lymphocytes improves the tolerability of standard chemotherapy and increases its effect, reduces the number of complications during the surgical phase of treatment, reduces the number of infectious complications and improves the quality of life of a cancer patient. This therapy can be carried out if all standard methods of treatment have already been tried or proved ineffective, even in the most hopeless cancer patients. It is possible to use adoptive immunotherapy at all stages of the treatment of a cancer patient with any form of cancer. Adoptive immunotherapy is effective even in the case of a disseminated process (metastatic disease, stage 3 – 4 cancer).

ONCOBIOBANK

Preservation of biomaterials

A. Tsyb MRRC stores and does research on biomaterials of cancer patients with various types of cancer. Oncobiobank operates in accordance with European standards, being a member of ISBER (International Society for Biological and Environmental Repositories). Low-temperature (-80°C) storage facilities of the oncobiobank allow storing up to 90,000 biological samples for research, as well as up to 40,000 samples at the temperatures of liquid nitrogen vapor. The centre has collections on colorectal, pancreatic, lung and stomach cancer and lymphomas. In addition, there is CryoBank, which provides an opportunity for patients at risk of losing fertility as a result of chemoradiotherapy to have children in the future. Sperm, ovarian tissue, eggs are taken from patients; these types of biomaterial are stored with the method of cryopreservation. Specialists draw blood from patients and their relatives in order to preserve it for further DNA analysis for oncomutation. Autotransplantation of ovarian tissue is performed.

BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION

Modern chemotherapy strategies allow us to achieve long-term complete remission (recovery) in a significant number of patients with various types of lymphomas. However, in some patients, the use of standard doses of chemotherapy drugs does not allow achieving complete destruction of the tumor or the antitumor effect is short-term, i.e. some time after the end of treatment, a relapse of the disease may develop. In such cases, second line induction chemotherapy (3-4 courses) is carried out and then, at the peak of the effect of this treatment, it becomes necessary to carry out high-dose consolidation, followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT).

According to modern clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of multiple myeloma, high-dose chemotherapy with auto-HSCT should be used as a consolidation in primary patients (without serious concomitant pathology, younger than 65 years old) after first line induction chemotherapy.
High-dose chemotherapy means the use of maximum tolerated doses of chemotherapeutic agents that are many times higher than the standard ones. This type of treatment is considered effective due to significant relationship between the dose of certain cytostatics and their antitumor efficacy. This method makes it possible to overcome the resistance of tumor cells, destroy all surviving tumor cells, and thereby achieve a stable remission of the disease. However, this inevitably leads to suppression of normal hematopoiesis in the bone marrow, which leads to a long and deep decrease in peripheral blood counts (leukocytes, platelets, erythrocytes) with a high risk of developing severe complications.
Autotransplantation of hematopoietic cells, harvested before high-dose chemotherapy, can significantly shorten the period of inhibition of hematopoiesis, as a result of which the frequency and severity of infectious and hemorrhagic (when there is an increased risk of bleeding) complications developing in the post-transplantation period are significantly reduced. Hematopoietic stem cells fill the "empty" areas of the bone marrow, multiply and differentiate into mature blood cells and, thus, in a relatively short time (7-14 days) hematopoiesis, damaged after high-dose chemotherapy, is completely restored.
For transplantation, the patient's own hematopoietic cells are collected using a special method. First, the stage of stimulating their release into the bloodstream is carried out, while their concentration in the blood is checked daily, and upon reaching the desired level, sessions of collecting these cells are carried out using a special apparatus. Then the cells are processed, frozen and stored until the moment of transplantation.
The end of the transplantation is only the first stage. And even if everything went well, it is too early to talk about success. Patients spend the next several weeks in sterile boxes - it takes time for the bone marrow cells to settle and the immune system to recover. For patients, everything is disinfected: from underwear to food. And all this time, a team of doctors monitors the slightest changes in their condition. The patient's stay in the hospital is 1 month on average.

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NATIONAL RADIATION EPIDEMIOLOGICAL REGISTRY

• Data collection and analysis in the National Radiation Epidemiological Registry (NRER) has been carried out since 1986. 790,000 Russian citizens exposed to radiation as a result of the Chernobyl accident are registered in a unified federal database.
• NRER is a leading institution in Russia for studying the medical consequences of radiation accidents, developing measures for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases caused by exposure to ionizing radiation, assessing radiation risks and predicting long-term medical consequences.
• The Sector conducts studies of late health effects of ionizing radiation following the Chernobyl accident and other radiological events includ¬ing occupational exposure and exposure to radiation from medical diagnostic procedures.
• On the base of NRER, key epidemiological data on the health status of the population and liquidators of the Chernobyl accident have been collected and included in the recently published White Paper on Chernobyl by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation.

Contact Us

mrrc@mrrc.obninsk.ru

+7 (495) 150-11-22 (Moscow, from 08:00 to 20:00)

+ 7 (484) 399–31–30 (Obninsk, from 08:00 to 20:00)

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